Distilling apparatus.



T. B. GAUTIER.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED 1.11.21, 1909.

980,509, l Patented Jan. 3, 1911.

2 SHBETS-BHEET 1.

W 1 Gr M l l uitgang? Patented .13113, 1911.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

anun,

T. B. GAUTIER.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

APPLIoATIoN FILED JAH.21,1909.

5l/Winans .tti

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

THOMASB. GAUTIER, OF HICKOX, GEORGIA, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE AS-SIGNMENTS, TO NATIONAL TURPENTINE COMPANY, A CORPORATION 0F DELA- WARE.

DISTILLING APPARATUS.

specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. l3, 1911.`

Application filed January 21, 1209. Serial No. 473599./

resident of Hickox, in the county of 'Wayne and State of Georgia, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Distilling4 Apparatus,of which t-he following is a speciiication.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvementsinapparatus for distilling turpentine from pine wood and eX tracting pitchwithout destroying the wood,

, and it has for its objects, among others to provide a simplified andimproved construction in which the retort is arranged to be heatedexternally by the products of combustion or combustion gases which aremade to impinge against a radiating Wall extending along the majorportion of the retort. After passing this wall, the products ofcombustion impings against the retort. I nd that by this A means I ambetter able to regulate the temperature within the retort and keep thesame practically at about 390 degrees Fahr. and keep the same at alltimes Within from 2O to 30 degrees Fahr. either side of the desiredtemperature. I foundthat where the products of combustion are broughtinto direct contact With the walls of the retort, the temperature ismuch greater at the point nearest the entrance of the product ofcombustion, which is undesirable forobvious reasons. By providing adeflectin and radiat ing Wall between the passage or the productstaf-combustion and the wall of the re'- tort, I am enabled to preventundue heating `of the retort and to regulate the heat so that theent-ire contents are kept atsubstantially the same temperature.`

The essence of the inventionis-capable ofv embodiment in a variety ofform-s, some of the most etlicient only of Which are herein illustratedbut which are deemed suicient to clearly demonstrate the principle and apractical forna of its embodlment.

Suitable means are provided for the outlet of surplus heat whennecessary and between the lues I provide a brick wall and means forindicatin the temperature so that it may be kept uni orm. 4

I aim further at improvements in the details of construction wherebyimproved resuits are attained. Y

@ther objects and advantages of the invention 'will ,hereinafter appear,and the 'through the tire door 8.

novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in the appendedclaims.

. The invention, in its preferred form, is

clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which, with thenumerals of reference marked thereon, form a part of this specification,and in which- Figure l is a substantially central vertical, longitudinalsection through my improved distilling apparatus. Fig. 2 is a vertical,cross section on the line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizontallongitudinal section on the line 8 3 of Fig. l looking down. Fig. 4 is aview similar to Fig. 3 but on a smaller scale, showing av different formof the embodimentof the invention.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalviews.

Referring to the drawings l designates the retort and 2 the outersurrounding brick wall thereof of any well-known or usual form ofconstruction. Within the retortare arranged tracks 3 upon which are runthe tracks 4 containing the Wood 5 to be treated. l

6 is a closure for the end of the retort which may also be of `any wellknown or suitable form of constructionf 7 is the tire box, access towhich is had 9 is the combustion chamber .and heat accumulator which isfilled with tire brick "vor anyother refractory material 10, throughwhich the products of combustion pass from the iire box of the furnace.This accumulator. is designed totake up excess heat, and to give offsame when supply of heat is deficient. From the lower portion of thiscombustion chamber pass the tlues 11 and 12, which as seen best in Fig.-3, diverging from their point of connection to the combustion chamberand in each flue I place a ldamper 13, said dampers being independent-lymovable and adapted to be actuated in any suitable manner, as bysuit-ablestem and handle 141:, as seen clearly in Fig. 1.

From each of the ues l1 and l2, there extends a stack 15 which servesfor the outlet for the surplus heat.

I have foundl that Where the products of combustion-come intotdirectcontact with the Walls of the retort, the results are not sosatisfactory as desired for the reason that the tem erature within theretort is not kept uniorm. I therefore provide a radiating wall whichis' vdisposed between the retort andthe surroundlng brick wall F1g. 2.'Ihisfradiating 'wallis seen` clearly 1n Fi 3,' at 16.A 'As seen in saidview,- it exten su on both sides of the retort and at the en adjacentthe ues. This leaves a passage 17 betweenfthe brick `wall 2 and the Wallof the retort and thef'radi'ating -wall. In the form illustrated in Fig.'3, this wall does not extend the entire length ofthe retort, -for anobvious purpose. The "prod-1 ucts of combustion after passing .throughthe combustion chamber and heat accumulator, (pass through the ilues11and12, and,

of 1mp1nging.d1rectly against the, wall ofthe retortthey impinge againstthe instea radiating Wall' and theheat-therefrom fis radiated to heatthe retort.A AAs 'the products of combustion and gases approach the yend of the retort farthest from -the furnace,

the same has lost part of the heat'and it is for 'this reason thatI Iomitthis .radiating "wall at vsuch end of the retort. The prod- 19 isthestack .andi 20 are the pipes leadf ing from the 'interior -ofthe'retort and joined to the commonpip'e 21., from 'which leads thedischarge 22` for connection ,with

the condenser Vto which theva "ors from the interior of the retort usualmanner, y 23 are the brickfwalls between the fines around the retortsolas to .causeA the prod-A ucts. of combustion to take a circuitouspas'- sage beforereaching the smoke stack..

L In Fig. 4 I have shown a construction embodyin A .the same principlesas-hereinbev "-foredescr1bed in connection with the other figures of thedrawing. j In this kform,however,

I employ two additional furnaces 24 and 25,

similar in `allrespects t0 thefurnace `shown and described in connectionwith Figs. 1 to 3'. One of these I arrange at each side of the-retort,the products of combustion from the fire boxes, after )assing throughthe combustion chambers, nd their exit through ,the lues 26 where ,theyimpinge against the radiating wall 16, similar in all res ects to theradiating wall of the form hereinbefore described. In this form,however, the radiating wall `extends nearly tothe front end of theretort, there being only a small passage 271at suchend through which theprod- 'ucts of. combustion pass after passing the end` of the radiatingwall and thence come in contact 'with the wall of the retort. This isnecessitated by reason of the employment of the additional furnaces atthe sides of oint are about are con ucted in the the retort, whereb theproductsof combustion are effective or a greater distance than lwherethesin 1e furnace is employed, as in Fig.v In-t is, form, lthe .vavesorfdampers 13 are'employilin lthe lues 12for the" same purpose asin-form-shownfin Fig. 3.

If at any time thejheatbecomes too great,

.j the dempers 13,;*one or both, are closed, when the surplusheat'escapes through the stack or staclrsl.'

Registering 4thern'aometers may be employed, ifv-desired,"so-tha`t `thetemperature `within the retort maybe readilydetermined,

lone of suchis indicated at 28 in Fig`. 1.

The operation lwill A,be appare'nt from the foregoing "descriptionwhentaken in connection with -theannexed drawin s and a further detaildescription thereo is not deemed necessary. f From the abve`,'.it i'llbeseen that I have devised a'f'simple and'efiicient device for the drydistillation ofw'ood, whereb the temperature can be kept comparativeyuniform tained are of betterfquality because the temperature in `themiddle of the retort is not allowed tonexceed 390 degrees Fahr. thusavoidingany :burning or. scorchingl of the turpentine vapors, alsobecause no attempt is made to produce charcoal and tar, thus furtheravoiding any contamination of the `turpentine vapors. The -wood-aftertreatment is-unchanged save that the turpen'tine and. pine oil areremoved no charcoal or tarry products beino` produced, and while andtheturpentineand other products obi the structural embodiment of myinvention as herein described yis, what I at the present time considerpreferable, it is evident that the same is subject to changes,variations and modifications without departing from .the spirit-'oftheinvention or sacricing any of its advantages. I therefore' do not Wishto-be restrict-edto the details of construction herein disclosed, butlreserve the right to make such changes; variations and modificatio-nsas come roperly within the scope of the appended c aims. j

' The combustion gases leaving the fire box pass into and through theheat accumulator 9, thence are split and assed through the flues 11 and12, thence into' the 'passage17 and forward to the door-end of theretort. From thence they pass up into the flues 30, traveling backtoward the furnaceand when they have reached the back end of the retort,that is the point farthest from the door they' pass lforward againin theflue 31 `an thence back the full length of the retort to vthe doorsendand out ofthe stack 32.' f The` course of theproducts of combustion willbe understood from the arrows in Figs. 1 an'd 8. No claim is made-hereinto the .method herein described, as the sameforms the basis of aseparate application, filed June 9, 1910, Serial No. 565,983.

What I claim as newis l. In a device for the dry distillation of wood, afurnace, a retort, flues leading from the furnace and a radiating walloutside said retort, and extending lengthwise of and for the majorportion only of the length thereof.

2.' In a device for the dry distillation of wood, a furnace, a'retort,flues leading from the furnace, a radiating,wall outside said retort andextending lengthwise of and for the' major portion only of the lengththereof, and means in said iues' for controlling the products ofcombustion.

3. In a device for the dry distillation of wood, a furnace, retort iiuesleading from the furnace, a radiating wall outside said retort, andextendin@r lengthwise of and for the maj or portion on r' of the lengththereof, and means insaid lues for controlling the products ofcombustion, said iiues being provided with the outlets for the surplusheat.

4. In a device. for the dry distillation of wood, a retort, furnaces,upon a plurality of sides thereof, and a radiating wall, arranged toreceive the direct impingement of the products of combustion, from allof said furnaces, lsaid furnaces being disposed at different distancesfrom said retort.

5. A retort4 for the production of tu'rpentine and other products, frompine wood,a wall outside said. retort extending for the major portiononly of the length thereof, and means whereby the products ofcombustion, impinge against said wall, to heat the retort by radiation,and means whereby the hot ga'ses, afterward come in direct contactwith'the walls of the retort at the point farthest removed from thesource of heat.

6. A retort constructed to be'heated externally by combustion gases, afurnace separated fromthe retort thereby, a radiating wall extendinglengthwise of the retort for a portion only of the length thereofpreventing direct impingement. of the products of combustion against theretort, avoiding overheating in spots, and means embodying a heataccumulator interposed between the furnace and the retort for heatingthe whole underside of the retort uniformly.

7. A retort, constructed to be heated externally by combustion gases,with a separated fire box, and a heat accumulator in the furnace betweenthe same and the iues leading to the retort, to take up and absorbexcess heat, to give 0H surplus heat, wheny desired,

. and a radiating wall interposed between the source of heat and theretort and extending for-a major portion of the length' of the lat;

the direct impact of thel for a major portion of its length andterminating at a distance from the end of the reL tort farthest from thepoint of introduction of the' products of combustion combined with meansfor prevent-ing direct impingement of the gases against the retort, byreason of a separated fire box and deflecting walls, whereby the underside of the retort is heated uniformly. A

9. In a device for the dry distillation of wood heated by combustiongases, a retort, t

a furnace, a radiating Wall outside of the retort and separatedtherefrom with an air space therebetween, saidv wallextending for amajor portion of the length of the retort and terminating at a distancefrom the end of the retort farthest from the point of introduction ofthe products of combustion, and inclinedflues leading from the furnaceto the adjacent'end of the retort upon opposite sides thereof.

10. In a device for the dry distillation of "Wood heated by combustiongases, a retort, a furnace removed therefrom, a radiating wall' outsideof said retort and separated therefrom with an air space therebetween,said wall extending for a major portion ofthe length of the retort andterminating at a distance from the end of the retort farthest from thefurnace, means for conducting the products of combustion from saidfurnace to and about said radiating wall to uniformly heat the contentsof the retort, and means for maintaining the temperature of the retortnot exceeding substantially 4300 F.

Signed by me at Waycross Ga. this 19 day of J any 1909.

THOMAS B. GAUTIER.

Witnesses:

W. L. FISHER, H. H. Hmson.

